What Are The Dimensions Of 16d Common Nail

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Nails are used in a variety of structure tasks, for box making, furniture building, etc. Though non as tightly defined as auto screws and nuts which must mate with one another, nails are standardized to some caste, especially those used for structural purposes. The post-obit article tabulates some of the standard nail sizes and briefly describes the broad range of nails bachelor through nail length charts.

Standard Nail Sizes/Nail Measurements

The nail size charts beneath illustrate industry standards for nail sizes and their dimensions. Nether "smash size," the "penny size" (aka, pennyweight) refers to a standard nail unit of measurement. Nails are measured in pennies, believed to be from older times when nails were sold past the penny. At the time, the abbreviation for pennies was d, and so nail sizes are described every bit 2d nails, 3d nails, etc. Then a 16 penny nail is also described equally a 16d boom, and viii penny nails are abbreviated equally viii d nails. Pennyweight does not correspond exactly to nail weight, estimate, or other measurements, however; for example common 10d nails are 3" long with a 5/16" head bore and a ix gauge shank.

Though still in common apply, the penny arrangement is considered obsolete, and some international vendors exercise not utilize it. The shank bore and length refer to the shaft function of the nail, chosen the shank, which is driven into the surface. The head is, of grade, the top portion struck to drive the nail into the material.

Table 1 - Nail Sizes (Common Nails)

Nail Size		Shank Diameter	Shank Length	Head Diameter
Penny Size	Gauge	Nominal	Nominal	Approx.
2nd nails	15	0.072	1"	iii/xvi"
	14	0.083	1"	13/64"
3d nails	14	0.083	1.25"	13/64"
4d nails	12	0.109	ane.5"	1/4"
5d nails	12	0.109	1.75"	i/4"
6d nails	xi	0.12	two"	17/64"
8d nails	x	0.134	2.5"	9/32"
10d nails	9	0.148	three"	5/16"
12d nails	9	0.148	3.25"	5/16"
16d nails	8	0.165	3.5"	11/32"
20d nails	six	0.203	4"	xiii/32"
30d nails	v	0.22	4.five"	seven/16"
40d nails	4	0.238	5"	15/32"
60d nails	iv	0.238	6"	17/32"

Tabular array 2 - Boom Sizes (Box Nails)

Nail Size		Shank Diameter	Shank Length
Penny Size	Guess	Nominal	Nominal
3d	14-ane/ii	0.076	one.25"
4d	xiv	0.080	1.five"
5d	14	0.080	1.75"
6d	12-1/ii	0.098	2"
7d	12-1/2	0.098	ii.25"
8d	xi-1/2	0.113	ii.5"
10d	10-1/ii	0.128	3"
16d	10	0.135	3.5"
20d	9	0.148	4"

Table 3 - Boom Sizes (Annular & Threaded Nails)

Smash Size	Shank Diameter	Shank Length
Penny Size	Nominal	Nominal
6d	0.12	2"
8d	0.12	2.5"
10d	0.135	iii"
12d	0.135	3.25"
16d	0.148	3.v"
20d	0.177	4"
30d	0.177	4.5"
40d	0.177	five"
50d	0.177	5.five"
60d	0.177	6"
70d	0.207	7"
80d	0.207	eight"
90d	0.207	9"

Nail Types

A variety of nail types exist. Nails are designed to resist both pullout and shear, with shear strength adamant mainly by the shank diameter and pullout force afflicted by that and the shank's design. Nails used for framing typically have smooth shanks as they are mostly used in supporting lateral loads where pullout resistance plays only a small role. Thus, the common boom serves adequately in this setting.

Pullout resistance is increased by adding rings or threads or both to the shank. These so-chosen deformed-shank nails are used in other aspects of construction to ensure that the nail does not pull out due to wind buffeting or pedestrian traffic, for instance. Threaded-shank nails rotate as they are driven into wood or masonry, while ring-shank nails promote a wedging activeness between the blast and the wood fibers. Ring-shank nails are often used in softwoods while barbed shanks increase the property power of nails in hardwood.

Box nails are slightly smaller than mutual nails and are used where belongings strength is less of a concern, such as for crate making and similar not-structural applications.

Nail textile varies from bright steel for indoor apply to electro-galvanized or zinc-dipped coated for outside applications. Stainless steel is used as well where nails may be visible such as for hanging natural siding. Other special materials, such as copper, are available for unusual applications. While about nails are fabricated from wire, some nails are "cut," such as those apply for nailing into masonry surfaces.

Nail heads vary according to the application, also. For instance, roofing nails incorporate thin, wide heads that both lay flat under succeeding shingles and provide a wide begetting surface against the textile to go along information technology from violent. Finishing nails have small heads that grip the wood slightly simply enable the nails to exist sunk beneath the surface and later on puttied over. Flooring nails used to install subfloors also accept wider, flat heads – and are usually ring shanked too – again to lie flat below the finished floor and to provide protection from boards working loose and developing squeaks.

Specialty nails grow. Double-headed, or duplex, nails are used for temporary construction, such as setting scaffolding, where one caput allows for the nail to be driven fully into the wood while the second head provides a manner of pulling the nail out once the job is completed. Spring-head covering nails are used for attaching corrugated roofing. Upholstery nails accept wide, domed heads to requite furniture a finished look.

Some nails are coated, such as sinker nails, to increase pullout resistance. Concrete coatings applied to blast shanks are intended to roughen up the shank surface for a better bite on woods. Vinyl coatings on nails are intended to melt upon driving then reharden to improve the smash shank adhesion to the wood.

Wood screws have taken some of the market share away from nails owing to the development of powered drivers. Deck construction is 1 such example where threaded fasteners dominate every bit the screw provides first-class property ability against wind-borne uplift. For structural framing work, nails proceed to be the preferred fastening method considering of their superior shear strength.

Summary

This article presented a cursory discussion of blast dimensions and standard smash sizes. For more information on related products or processes, consult our other guides or visit the Thomas Supplier Discovery Platform to locate potential sources of supply or view details on specific products. For a detailed technical word of nail pullout resistance, refer to this article by the USDA'south Woods Products Laboratory.

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